As of 2021, approximately 537 million adults ages 20-79 have diabetes worldwide, of which around 90% have T2D. Up to 40% of patients with T2D develop chronic kidney disease.1,2
CKD can shorten life expectancy of patients with diabetes by up to 16 years, relative to the general population with neither disease.3*
Despite the standard treatments for ESRD (transplant or dialysis), once patients reach ESRD, approximately 60% will die in the next 5 years.4,5
Patients with stage 3 CKD are 10x more likely to die from any cause (including CV disease) than to progress to stage 5 CKD, dialysis, or kidney transplantation.6†
Patients with CKD associated with T2D have a 2x greater risk of developing heart failure than patients with T2D alone.7‡
Patients with T2D and CKD are at least 3x more likely to die of CV-related causes than patients with T2D alone.8§
The increased risk of CV events associated with CKD and T2D appears early and grows with disease severity12
* | A prospective cohort study of 543,412 adult patients undergoing a private health surveillance programme in Taiwan.3 |
† | Analysis of 3,047 patients in Tromsø, Norway, with CKD using hospital records of serum creatinine, eGFR, treatment initiation, and death.6 |
‡ | T2D patients without baseline CV or renal disease (n=772,336), found through European and Japanese healthcare records, were followed for a mean of 4.5 years in order to assess the development of such disease.7 |
§ | Medical information from 15,046 patients in the NHANES programme in the US, analysed to assess the impact of CKD and T2D on death within 10 years.8 |
CKD=chronic kidney disease; CV=cardiovascular; eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESRD=end-stage renal disease; NHANES=National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; T2D=type 2 diabetes.